Giacomo Puccini
Giacomo Puccini was the most important composer of Italian opera after Verdi. He wrote in the verismo style, a counterpart to the movement of Realism in literature and a trend that favored subjects and characters from everyday life for opera. On his often commonplace settings Puccini lavished memorable melodies and lush orchestration. It was around the turn of the 20th century that he reached his artistic zenith, composing in succession his three most popular and effective operas, La Bohème, Tosca, and Madama Butterfly.
Young Giacomo took organ lessons early on from his uncle, Fortunato Magi, and later from Carlo Angeloni. At ten, he sang in local church choirs and by age 14 was freelancing as an organist at religious services. His first compositions were for organ, often incorporating operatic and folk elements. By age 18, under the spell of Verdi's Aida, he decided he would study composition with a view to writing opera. At around this time, he composed his first large-scale work, a cantata, Preludio Sinfonico, for an 1877 competition. Other pieces came in the next few years, but none of significance.
In 1880, Puccini entered the Milan Conservatory, where he studied for three years under Ponchielli and Bazzini. While there, he wrote his first opera, Le villi, which he once more entered in a competition. Though he lost, Arrigo Boito and, more importantly, publisher Giulio Ricordi helped arrange a premiere in Milan on May 31, 1884. The work was enthusiastically received, and Puccini was on his way.
Around this time the composer met Elvira Gemignani, wife of a merchant in Lucca. They carried on an illicit affair, and she gave birth to his son in 1886. When her husband died in 1904, the two were married. Puccini's next opera, Edgar, was poorly received at its 1889 premiere. Subsequent revisions failed to rescue it from its encumbering libretto. His next effort, however, Manon Lescaut, was a sensational success at its 1893 Turin premiere. Subsequent performances in Italy and abroad bolstered the composer's growing reputation.
Puccini's next three operas confirmed his preeminence in Italian opera. La Bohème (1896), Tosca (1900), and Madama Butterfly (1904) were not immediately as successful as Manon Lescaut, but in time achieved greater acclaim. By the middle of the 20th century, they had become -- and remain today -- his most often performed and recorded works.
Puccini suffered a creative dry spell for a time and was unable to finish another opera until the moderately successful La fanciulla del West (1910), which premiered in New York with Toscanini conducting and Caruso singing the role of Johnson. His sluggishness of inspiration owed much to charges by his wife that he was having an affair with a servant girl, charges that drove the hapless, and as it turned out, innocent young girl to suicide in 1909.
In 1913, Puccini accepted a lucrative commission from Vienna interests, which resulted in La rondine. Received warmly at its 1917 Monte Carlo premiere, it faded under the judgment it was the least of his operatic efforts. Puccini followed this disappointment with his trilogy of one-act operas, Il trittico -- comprised of Il tabarro, Suor Angelica, and Gianni Schicchi -- all premiered at the Metropolitan Opera in New York in 1918. Only the latter work, a comedy, was well received.
While Puccini was working on his last opera, Turandot, he was diagnosed with throat cancer (1923). During radiation treatment in Brussels, he suffered a heart attack and died on November 29, 1924.
© Robert Cummings /TiVo
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Giuseppe Di Stefano Sings Verdi and Puccini
Giuseppe Di Stefano, Eugenia Ratti, Maria Callas
Oper - Erschienen bei Prima Voce am 01.01.2009
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Madama Butterfly, Act II: Un bel dì vedremo
Oper - Erschienen bei Prima Classic am 06.10.2023
24-Bit 96.0 kHz - Stereo -
Puccini: Turandot
Oper - Erschienen bei Heritage Records am 04.03.2015
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Quartetto Di Cremona: String Quartets by Ottorino Respighi, Giacomo Puccini, Giuseppe Verdi and Luigi Boccherini (Italian Journey)
Quartetto di Cremona, Ottorino Respighi, Giacomo Puccini, Giuseppe Verdi, Luigi Boccherini
Klassik - Erschienen bei Rondeau Production am 15.10.2012
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Puccini - Great Recordings
Klassik - Erschienen bei UME - Global Clearing House am 26.11.2020
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Puccini: Messa di Gloria
Kantorei Maulbronn, Jürgen Budday
Klassik - Erschienen bei K&K Verlagsanstalt am 01.11.2007
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Grandi Voci – Mario del Monaco canta Puccini e il verismo - Una collana con registrazioni originali Decca e Deutsche Grammophon rimasterizzate con le tecniche più moderne che ne garantiscono eccellenza tecnica e artistica.
Giacomo Puccini, Giordano, Mario del Monaco
Klassik - Erschienen bei UME - Global Clearing House am 27.04.2021
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The Art of Mirella Freni
Klassik - Erschienen bei Butterfly Music am 17.02.2011
16-Bit CD Quality 44.1 kHz - Stereo -
La Bohème, Act I: Si, mi chiamano Mimì
Oper - Erschienen bei Prima Classic am 27.10.2023
24-Bit 96.0 kHz - Stereo -
Opera Classics (Various Artists)
Oper - Erschienen bei Rainbow Productions Ltd am 25.04.2012
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Giacomo Puccini, The Organist
Klassik - Erschienen bei Passacaille am 13.10.2009
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Madame Butterfly - Giacomo Puccini
Oper - Erschienen bei JamadaDigital am 25.02.2015
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Àries d'Òpera
Oper - Erschienen bei Àudiovisuals de Sarrià am 12.12.2001
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Giacomo Puccini: Tosca (opera in 3 acts)
Yevgeny Svetlanov, Tamara Milashkina, Zurab Andzhaparidze
Oper - Erschienen bei Classical Records am 10.09.2003
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Puccini: La Boheme
Oper - Erschienen bei Sleeping Giant Music am 01.01.1957
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Puccini
Klassik - Erschienen bei Cobra Entertainment LLC am 03.12.2013
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GRANDI VOCI MARIA CHIARA Una collana dedicata con registrazioni originali Decca e Deutsche Grammophon rimasterizzate con le tecniche più moderne che ne garantiscono eccellenza tecnica e artistica
Maria Chiara, Giacomo Puccini, Francesco Cilèa
Klassik - Erschienen bei UME - Global Clearing House am 09.07.2021
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Turandot (Adami & Simoni, Puccini, completed Alfano)
Oper - Erschienen bei The Digital Gramophone am 12.12.2013
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A Night at the Opera
Christian Lindberg, Giacomo Puccini, Prince of Denmark Air Force Band, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Klassik - Erschienen bei EUROPEAN GRAMOPHONE am 31.01.2023
24-Bit 44.1 kHz - Stereo