César Franck
César Franck was born in Belgium but established his career as a composer, organist, and influential teacher in France, most prestigiously at the Paris Conservatoire and at the church of Sainte-Clotilde. His music was heavily influenced by Liszt and Wagner, as in his Symphony in D minor, one of his most famous compositions. Franck's organ pieces are among the most celebrated Romantic works for that instrument, though his symphonic poems, chamber music (particularly the Sonata for Violin in A), and sacred choral settings are also regularly performed.
Franck was born in Liège (in the French region, which in 1830 became part of a new state, Belgium), on December 10, 1822. He was a keyboard player of extraordinary ability who had a short stint as a touring piano virtuoso before moving to Paris and throwing himself into musical studies. In addition, he was an organist at several major churches during his career, and his skills on the organ accounted in great part for his compositional interest in that instrument; his organ compositions stand at the apex of the Romantic organ repertoire. For much of his life, Franck was organist at the Paris churches of Saint-Jean-Saint-François and then Sainte-Clotilde, and in 1872 he became a professor at the Paris Conservatoire. He led a group of young composers, among them d'Indy, Duparc, and Dukas, who found much to admire in his highly individual, post-Romantic style, with its rich, innovative harmonies, sometimes terse melodies, and skilled contrapuntal writing. This group, sometimes known as "la bande à Franck," steered French composition toward symphonic and chamber music, finally breaking the stranglehold of the more conservative opera over French music.
Individual and instantly recognizable though Franck's music was, it owes a debt to Liszt and Wagner, especially to the latter's Tristan und Isolde and several other late works. He tended to use rather quick modulations, an inheritance from Wagner, and shifting harmonies. There is a Germanic ponderousness in some of his compositions and a mixture of paradoxical elements so typical of the composer, such as moments of peace and serenity that barely conceal an undercurrent of disquiet. These elements were used to great advantage in the Symphony in D minor of 1888, where Franck also adapts the Lisztian-Wagnerian predilection toward cyclical structure and melodic motto to an abstract symphonic form. Another characteristic of Franck's music is extended homophonic writing, as exemplified in his choral symphonic poem Psyché.
Franck was a man of strong religious convictions throughout his life, which often motivated him to compose works based on biblical texts or on other church sources, yet his choral works were slightly less successful than his organ works. However, his religious, solo vocal piece Panis Angelicus (1872) is highly popular and frequently recorded. Franck's most lastingly successful and recognizable composition is his Violin Sonata in A (1886), which shares characteristics with the Symphony and has been transcribed for a multitude of other instruments. Franck died in Paris on November 8, 1890. By the turn of the century, he had become the leading figure associated with the "old school" in France, while Debussy came to represent the "progressive" forces.
© TiVo Staff /TiVo
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Works by Franck, Kurtág, Previn, Schumann
Musique de chambre - Paru chez AVIE Records le 11 nov. 2016
5 de Diapason24-Bit 96.0 kHz - Stereo -
Franck & Ysaÿe: Poème, Works for Violin & Piano
Classique - Paru chez Challenge Classics le 21 nov. 2013
16-Bit CD Quality 44.1 kHz - Stereo -
César Franck: 12 pièces pour grand orgue
Classique - Paru chez ALM RECORDS le 7 mars 2023
16-Bit CD Quality 44.1 kHz - Stereo -
In Flanders' Fields Vol. 70: Joseph Jongen / César Franck
Classique - Paru chez Phaedra le 12 sept. 2011
16-Bit CD Quality 44.1 kHz - Stereo -
César Frank - Great Works
Classique - Paru chez UME - Global Clearing House le 14 nov. 2020
16-Bit CD Quality 44.1 kHz - Stereo -
César Franck: Essential Recordings
Classique - Paru chez UME - Global Clearing House le 8 déc. 2022
16-Bit CD Quality 44.1 kHz - Stereo -
Franck and Strauss: Violin Sonatas
Musique de chambre - Paru chez Onyx Classics le 4 mai 2015
5 de Diapason16-Bit CD Quality 44.1 kHz - Stereo -
Franck, Bloch and Krein: Music for Violin and Piano
Musique de chambre - Paru chez MSR Classics le 13 oct. 2015
16-Bit CD Quality 44.1 kHz - Stereo -
César Franck - Eugène Gigout - Louis Vierne
Classique - Paru chez Paula le 28 févr. 2016
16-Bit CD Quality 44.1 kHz - Stereo -
Franck, Lemmens, Boëllmann & Saint-Saëns: Organ Music
Classique - Paru chez Bomba-Piter le 14 mai 2015
16-Bit CD Quality 44.1 kHz - Stereo -
César Franck: Piano Quintet in F Minor - Symphony in D Minor (Live)
Wiener Philharmonic Orchestra, Clifford Curzon
Classique - Paru chez RHI le 15 avr. 2015
16-Bit CD Quality 44.1 kHz - Stereo -
Ulrik Spang-Hanssen - César Franck: Les Grand Œuvres Pour Orgue
Classique - Paru chez CDklassisk le 30 avr. 2013
16-Bit CD Quality 44.1 kHz - Stereo -
Franck & Lekeu: Sonates - Mathieu: Ballade, Fantaisie
Musique de chambre - Paru chez Analekta le 10 mars 2009
24-Bit 88.2 kHz - Stereo -
César Franck, Symphony In D Minor
Classique - Paru chez Classical.com Music le 1 janv. 1996
16-Bit CD Quality 44.1 kHz - Stereo -
César Franck: Sonata para Violín y Piano en La Mayor - Edvard Grieg: Sonata para Violín y Piano en Sol Mayor Op. 13
Szymsia Bajour, Aldo Antognazzi
Musique de chambre - Paru chez Irco Video le 4 juil. 1997
16-Bit CD Quality 44.1 kHz - Stereo -
David Nadien Plays Franck, Debussy, Fauré, Rachmaninoff-Heifetz, and Prokofiev
Musique de chambre - Paru chez Cembal d'amour CD 151 le 1 juil. 2010
16-Bit CD Quality 44.1 kHz - Stereo -
Sonata for Violin and Piano in A Major (Classical Music Masters)
Classique - Paru chez Il Loggione Records le 16 févr. 2018
16-Bit CD Quality 44.1 kHz - Stereo -
Franck - Faure - Debussy
Dmitri Ferschtman, Mila Baslawskaya
Classique - Paru chez Globe le 7 janv. 1980
16-Bit CD Quality 44.1 kHz - Stereo -
Franck: Psyche - Variations Symphoniques - Ravel: Rapsodie espagnole - Introduction et Allegro - Debussy: Danse sacree et profane
Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra, Phia Berghout, Geza Anda
Classique - Paru chez Intermusic S.A. le 13 août 2015
16-Bit CD Quality 44.1 kHz - Stereo -
Franck - Bach - Busoni - Brahms - Liszt: Variations des cimes
Classique - Paru chez VDE-GALLO le 8 mai 2014
16-Bit CD Quality 44.1 kHz - Stereo -
The New Goll-Organ of Marktkirche Hannover
Ulfert Smidt, Johann Sebastian Bach, Louis-Claude Daquin, César Franck, Max Reger, Olivier Messiaen
Classique - Paru chez Rondeau Production le 12 sept. 2011
16-Bit CD Quality 44.1 kHz - Stereo