Giacomo Puccini
Giacomo Puccini was the most important composer of Italian opera after Verdi. He wrote in the verismo style, a counterpart to the movement of Realism in literature and a trend that favored subjects and characters from everyday life for opera. On his often commonplace settings Puccini lavished memorable melodies and lush orchestration. It was around the turn of the 20th century that he reached his artistic zenith, composing in succession his three most popular and effective operas, La Bohème, Tosca, and Madama Butterfly.
Young Giacomo took organ lessons early on from his uncle, Fortunato Magi, and later from Carlo Angeloni. At ten, he sang in local church choirs and by age 14 was freelancing as an organist at religious services. His first compositions were for organ, often incorporating operatic and folk elements. By age 18, under the spell of Verdi's Aida, he decided he would study composition with a view to writing opera. At around this time, he composed his first large-scale work, a cantata, Preludio Sinfonico, for an 1877 competition. Other pieces came in the next few years, but none of significance.
In 1880, Puccini entered the Milan Conservatory, where he studied for three years under Ponchielli and Bazzini. While there, he wrote his first opera, Le villi, which he once more entered in a competition. Though he lost, Arrigo Boito and, more importantly, publisher Giulio Ricordi helped arrange a premiere in Milan on May 31, 1884. The work was enthusiastically received, and Puccini was on his way.
Around this time the composer met Elvira Gemignani, wife of a merchant in Lucca. They carried on an illicit affair, and she gave birth to his son in 1886. When her husband died in 1904, the two were married. Puccini's next opera, Edgar, was poorly received at its 1889 premiere. Subsequent revisions failed to rescue it from its encumbering libretto. His next effort, however, Manon Lescaut, was a sensational success at its 1893 Turin premiere. Subsequent performances in Italy and abroad bolstered the composer's growing reputation.
Puccini's next three operas confirmed his preeminence in Italian opera. La Bohème (1896), Tosca (1900), and Madama Butterfly (1904) were not immediately as successful as Manon Lescaut, but in time achieved greater acclaim. By the middle of the 20th century, they had become -- and remain today -- his most often performed and recorded works.
Puccini suffered a creative dry spell for a time and was unable to finish another opera until the moderately successful La fanciulla del West (1910), which premiered in New York with Toscanini conducting and Caruso singing the role of Johnson. His sluggishness of inspiration owed much to charges by his wife that he was having an affair with a servant girl, charges that drove the hapless, and as it turned out, innocent young girl to suicide in 1909.
In 1913, Puccini accepted a lucrative commission from Vienna interests, which resulted in La rondine. Received warmly at its 1917 Monte Carlo premiere, it faded under the judgment it was the least of his operatic efforts. Puccini followed this disappointment with his trilogy of one-act operas, Il trittico -- comprised of Il tabarro, Suor Angelica, and Gianni Schicchi -- all premiered at the Metropolitan Opera in New York in 1918. Only the latter work, a comedy, was well received.
While Puccini was working on his last opera, Turandot, he was diagnosed with throat cancer (1923). During radiation treatment in Brussels, he suffered a heart attack and died on November 29, 1924.
© Robert Cummings /TiVo
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A Night at the Opera
Christian Lindberg, Giacomo Puccini, Prince of Denmark Air Force Band, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Classical - Released by EUROPEAN GRAMOPHONE on 31 Jan 2023
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The Golden Age of the Gramophone: The 42 Best Loved Popular Classical Recordings
Classical - Released by Retrospective on 1 Jan 2010
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Puccini: Tosca
Giacomo Puccini, Dimitri Mitropoulos, Metropolitan Opera Orchestra
Classical - Released by Nar Classical on 15 Jan 2024
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Puccini: Tosca
Opera - Released by Heritage Records on 4 Mar 2015
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Puccini: Suor Angelica
Opera - Released by Heritage Records on 1 Jan 1958
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Maria Callas Perform Giacomo Puccini
Classical - Released by Il Loggione Records on 23 Feb 2018
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Classical Moments: Vol.1
Giacomo Puccini, Jacques Offenbach, Erik Satie
Classical - Released by UME - Global Clearing House on 11 Mar 2024
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Puccini: Tosca
Compagnia e Coro del Teatro Lirieo d'Europa
Classical - Released by Blue music on 6 Dec 2002
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Great Voices Of The Opera Vol. 7 - Primadonnas
Classical - Released by Documents on 1 Sep 2008
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La Bohème - Oper erzählt als Hörspiel mit Musik
Miscellaneous - Released by Amor Verlag GmbH on 7 Jan 2014
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Springtime Symphonies: Bach, Puccini, Vivaldi
Johann Sebastian Bach, Giacomo Puccini, Antonio Vivaldi
Classical - Released by UME - Global Clearing House on 9 Apr 2024
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Giacomo Puccini: Madama Butterfly (1957)
Opera - Released by Classical Moments on 1 Jan 1957
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Puccini: Turandot, Vol. 2
Opera - Released by Musirama on 19 Mar 2015
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Hommage a Bidu Sayao, Vol. 4: The Unrivaled Lyric Soprano in Rare Live Performances and Long Out-of-Print Studio Recordings
Opera - Released by Cembal d'amour CD 153 on 1 Jun 2010
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The Very Best of Puccini's Madama Butterfly
Victoria de los Angeles, Jussi Björling, Mario Sereni
Opera - Released by Past Classics on 1 Jan 1960
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The Best of Romanze - Verdi, Puccini, Rossini, Bellini, Mozart
Classical - Released by Piros - Send on 25 Apr 2015
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Puccini - Colorful
Classical - Released by UME - Global Clearing House on 27 Feb 2021
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Giacomo Puccini: Turandot (1958)
Opera - Released by Classical Moments on 26 Mar 2013
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50 Must-Have Tenor Masterpieces
Classical - Released by Cobra Entertainment LLC on 14 May 2013
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