The Art of Emil Gilels

Emil Gilels

• Released on 2/27/21 by UME - Global Clearing House
• Main artists: Emil Gilels
• Genre: Classical

Suite - Transcription By Leopold Godowsky (Jean-Baptiste Lœillet)

1 Giga

00:02:02

Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Leopold Godowsky, Contributor, Transcription - Jean-Baptiste Loeillet, Composer

℗ 1935 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

Premier Livre de pieces de clavecin / Suite In E Minor (1724, rev 1731) (Jean-Philippe Rameau)

2 Le Rappel des oiseaux

00:02:35

Jean-Philippe Rameau, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer

℗ 1951 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

3 Der Kontrabandiste, Op. 74, No. 10 - Arr. Carl Tausig

00:01:44

Robert Schumann, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Emanuel Geibel, Author

℗ 1935 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

4 Toccata in C, Op. 7

00:04:42

Robert Schumann, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer

℗ 1935 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

Lieder ohne Worte, Op. 38 (Felix Mendelssohn)

5 No. 6. Andante con moto In A Flat "Duetto"

00:03:08

Felix Mendelssohn, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer

℗ 1947 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

8 Fantasiestücke, Op. 12 (Robert Schumann)

6 7. Traumes-Wirren

00:02:17

Robert Schumann, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer

℗ 1937 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

The Love For Three Oranges, Symphonic Suite, Op. 33 bis - Arr. Piano (Sergei Prokofiev)

7 March

00:01:30

Sergei Prokofiev, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer

℗ 1947 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

Images - Book 1, L. 110 (Claude Debussy)

8 1. Reflets dans l'eau

00:04:13

Claude Debussy, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Lawrence B. Linville, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel

℗ 2016 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

9 2. Hommage à Rameau

00:05:12

Claude Debussy, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Lawrence B. Linville, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel

℗ 2016 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

10 3. Mouvement

00:03:18

Claude Debussy, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Lawrence B. Linville, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel

℗ 2016 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

Visions Fugitives, Op. 22 (Sergei Prokofiev)

11 1. Lentamente

00:01:02

Sergei Prokofiev, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Lawrence B. Linville, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel

℗ 2016 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

12 3. Allegretto

00:00:53

Sergei Prokofiev, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Lawrence B. Linville, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel

℗ 2016 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

13 5. Molto giocoso

00:00:19

Sergei Prokofiev, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Lawrence B. Linville, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel

℗ 2016 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

14 11. Con vivacità

00:00:59

Sergei Prokofiev, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Lawrence B. Linville, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel

℗ 2016 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

15 10. Ridiculosamente

00:00:46

Sergei Prokofiev, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Lawrence B. Linville, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel

℗ 2016 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

16 17. Poetico

00:01:28

Sergei Prokofiev, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Lawrence B. Linville, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel

℗ 2016 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

Miroirs, M.43 (Maurice Ravel)

17 4. Alborada del gracioso

00:05:47

Maurice Ravel, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Lawrence B. Linville, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel

℗ 2016 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

Trois mouvements de Petrouchka (Igor Stravinsky)

18 1. Danse russe

00:02:37

Igor Stravinsky, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Lawrence B. Linville, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel

℗ 2016 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

19 Prelude In E Minor, BWV 855 (Arr. And Transp. To B Minor By A. Siloti)

00:03:08

Johann Sebastian Bach, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Alexander Siloti, Arranger, Work Arranger - Lawrence B. Linville, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel

℗ 2016 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

Piano Sonata No. 3 in B flat, K.281 (Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart)

20 1. Allegro (Live)

00:07:53

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Heinz Wildhagen, Producer, Balance Engineer, Recording Producer, StudioPersonnel - Dr. Hans Hirsch, Producer

℗ 1970 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

21 2. Andante amoroso (Live)

00:08:21

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Heinz Wildhagen, Producer, Balance Engineer, Recording Producer, StudioPersonnel - Dr. Hans Hirsch, Producer

℗ 1970 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

22 3. Rondeau (Allegro) (Live)

00:04:49

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Heinz Wildhagen, Producer, Balance Engineer, Recording Producer, StudioPersonnel - Dr. Hans Hirsch, Producer

℗ 1970 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

Piano Concerto No. 27 in B-Flat Major, K. 595 (Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart)

23 I. Allegro - Cadenza: Mozart

00:14:32

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Composer, Cadenzor - Wiener Philharmoniker, Orchestra, MainArtist - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Karl Böhm, Conductor, MainArtist - Wolf-Dieter Karwatky, Editor, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Jürgen Bulgrin, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Jobst Eberhardt, Editor - Gernot Westhaeuser, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Werner Mayer, Producer, Recording Producer - Klaus Scheibe, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Dr. Ellen Hickmann, Producer

℗ 1974 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

24 II. Larghetto

00:09:01

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Composer - Wiener Philharmoniker, Orchestra, MainArtist - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Karl Böhm, Conductor, MainArtist - Wolf-Dieter Karwatky, Editor, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Jürgen Bulgrin, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Jobst Eberhardt, Editor - Gernot Westhaeuser, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Werner Mayer, Producer, Recording Producer - Klaus Scheibe, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Dr. Ellen Hickmann, Producer

℗ 1974 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

25 III. Allegro - Cadenza: Mozart

00:09:26

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Composer - Wiener Philharmoniker, Orchestra, MainArtist - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Karl Böhm, Conductor, MainArtist - Wolf-Dieter Karwatky, Editor, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Jürgen Bulgrin, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Jobst Eberhardt, Editor - Gernot Westhaeuser, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Werner Mayer, Producer, Recording Producer - Klaus Scheibe, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Dr. Ellen Hickmann, Producer

℗ 1974 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

Piano Concerto No. 10 In E-Flat Major, K. 365 (Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart)

26 I. Allegro - Cadenza: Mozart

00:10:33

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Composer, Cadenzor - Wiener Philharmoniker, Orchestra, MainArtist - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Karl Böhm, Conductor, MainArtist - Elena Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Wolf-Dieter Karwatky, Editor, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Jürgen Bulgrin, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Jobst Eberhardt, Editor - Gernot Westhaeuser, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Werner Mayer, Producer, Recording Producer - Klaus Scheibe, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Dr. Ellen Hickmann, Producer

℗ 1974 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

27 II. Andante

00:08:17

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Composer - Wiener Philharmoniker, Orchestra, MainArtist - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Karl Böhm, Conductor, MainArtist - Elena Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Wolf-Dieter Karwatky, Editor, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Jürgen Bulgrin, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Jobst Eberhardt, Editor - Gernot Westhaeuser, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Werner Mayer, Producer, Recording Producer - Klaus Scheibe, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Dr. Ellen Hickmann, Producer

℗ 1974 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

28 III. Rondeau. Allegro - Cadenza: Mozart

00:07:11

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Composer, Cadenzor - Wiener Philharmoniker, Orchestra, MainArtist - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Karl Böhm, Conductor, MainArtist - Elena Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Wolf-Dieter Karwatky, Editor, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Jürgen Bulgrin, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Jobst Eberhardt, Editor - Gernot Westhaeuser, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Werner Mayer, Producer, Recording Producer - Klaus Scheibe, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Dr. Ellen Hickmann, Producer

℗ 1974 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

29 Six Variations In F, K.398 On "Salve tu, Domine" By D. Paisiello (Live)

00:07:58

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Heinz Wildhagen, Producer, Balance Engineer, Recording Producer, StudioPersonnel - Dr. Hans Hirsch, Producer

℗ 1970 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

Fantasia In D Minor, K.397 (Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart)

30 Andante-Adagio-Allegretto (Live)

00:06:08

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Heinz Wildhagen, Producer, Balance Engineer, Recording Producer, StudioPersonnel - Dr. Hans Hirsch, Producer

℗ 1970 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

3 Sonatas for Piano, WoO 47 (Ludwig van Beethoven)

31 1. Sonata in E-Flat Major: I. Allegro cantabile

00:04:04

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Jürgen Bulgrin, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Hans-Peter Schweigmann, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Klaus Behrens, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Werner Mayer, Producer, Recording Producer - Klaus Scheibe, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Hanno Rinke, Producer

℗ 1986 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

32 1. Sonata in E-Flat Major: II. Andante

00:03:59

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Jürgen Bulgrin, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Hans-Peter Schweigmann, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Klaus Behrens, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Werner Mayer, Producer, Recording Producer - Klaus Scheibe, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Hanno Rinke, Producer

℗ 1986 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

33 1. Sonata in E-Flat Major: III. Rondo vivace

00:02:52

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Jürgen Bulgrin, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Hans-Peter Schweigmann, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Klaus Behrens, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Werner Mayer, Producer, Recording Producer - Klaus Scheibe, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Hanno Rinke, Producer

℗ 1986 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

34 2. Sonata in F Minor: I. Larghetto maestoso - Allegro assai

00:05:02

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Jürgen Bulgrin, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Hans-Peter Schweigmann, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Klaus Behrens, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Werner Mayer, Producer, Recording Producer - Klaus Scheibe, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Hanno Rinke, Producer

℗ 1986 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

35 2. Sonata in F Minor: II. Andante

00:06:38

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Jürgen Bulgrin, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Hans-Peter Schweigmann, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Klaus Behrens, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Werner Mayer, Producer, Recording Producer - Klaus Scheibe, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Hanno Rinke, Producer

℗ 1986 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

36 2. Sonata in F Minor: III. Presto

00:03:38

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Jürgen Bulgrin, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Hans-Peter Schweigmann, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Klaus Behrens, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Werner Mayer, Producer, Recording Producer - Klaus Scheibe, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Hanno Rinke, Producer

℗ 1986 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

Piano Sonata No. 4 in E-Flat Major, Op. 7 (Ludwig van Beethoven)

37 1. Allegro molto e con brio

00:08:49

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Jürgen Bulgrin, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Werner Mayer, Producer, Recording Producer - Klaus Scheibe, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Hanno Rinke, Producer - Rainer Hoepfner, Editor, StudioPersonnel - Gregor Zielinsky, Editor, StudioPersonnel

℗ 1985 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

38 2. Largo, con gran espressione

00:09:59

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Jürgen Bulgrin, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Werner Mayer, Producer, Recording Producer - Klaus Scheibe, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Hanno Rinke, Producer - Rainer Hoepfner, Editor, StudioPersonnel - Gregor Zielinsky, Editor, StudioPersonnel

℗ 1985 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

39 3. Allegro

00:05:51

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Jürgen Bulgrin, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Werner Mayer, Producer, Recording Producer - Klaus Scheibe, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Hanno Rinke, Producer - Rainer Hoepfner, Editor, StudioPersonnel - Gregor Zielinsky, Editor, StudioPersonnel

℗ 1985 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

40 4. Rondo. Poco allegretto e grazioso

00:08:03

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Jürgen Bulgrin, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Werner Mayer, Producer, Recording Producer - Klaus Scheibe, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Hanno Rinke, Producer - Rainer Hoepfner, Editor, StudioPersonnel - Gregor Zielinsky, Editor, StudioPersonnel

℗ 1985 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

Piano Sonata No. 8 in C Minor, Op. 13 - "Pathétique" (Ludwig van Beethoven)

41 I. Grave - Allegro di molto e con brio

00:09:07

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Klaus Behrens, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Werner Mayer, Producer, Recording Producer - Klaus Scheibe, Editor, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Hanno Rinke, Producer

℗ 1981 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

Piano Sonata No. 10 In G, Op. 14 No. 2 (Ludwig van Beethoven)

42 1. Allegro

00:08:06

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Heinz Wildhagen, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Jürgen Bulgrin, Producer - Hans-Peter Schweigmann, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Klaus Behrens, Producer - Werner Mayer, Producer - Hans-Rudolf Müller, Producer - Gregor Zielinsky, Producer

℗ 1986 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

43 2. Andante

00:08:05

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Heinz Wildhagen, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Jürgen Bulgrin, Producer - Hans-Peter Schweigmann, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Klaus Behrens, Producer - Werner Mayer, Producer - Hans-Rudolf Müller, Producer - Gregor Zielinsky, Producer

℗ 1986 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

44 3. Scherzo (Allegro assai)

00:03:45

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Heinz Wildhagen, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Jürgen Bulgrin, Producer - Hans-Peter Schweigmann, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Klaus Behrens, Producer - Werner Mayer, Producer - Hans-Rudolf Müller, Producer - Gregor Zielinsky, Producer

℗ 1986 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

Piano Sonata No. 5 In C Minor, Op. 10 No. 1 (Ludwig van Beethoven)

45 1. Allegro molto e con brio

00:07:00

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Heinz Wildhagen, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Jürgen Bulgrin, Producer - Hans-Peter Schweigmann, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Klaus Behrens, Producer - Werner Mayer, Producer - Hans-Rudolf Müller, Producer - Gregor Zielinsky, Producer

℗ 1986 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

46 2. Adagio molto

00:11:44

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Heinz Wildhagen, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Jürgen Bulgrin, Producer - Hans-Peter Schweigmann, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Klaus Behrens, Producer - Werner Mayer, Producer - Hans-Rudolf Müller, Producer - Gregor Zielinsky, Producer

℗ 1986 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

47 3. Finale (Prestissimo)

00:04:57

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Heinz Wildhagen, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Jürgen Bulgrin, Producer - Hans-Peter Schweigmann, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Klaus Behrens, Producer - Werner Mayer, Producer - Hans-Rudolf Müller, Producer - Gregor Zielinsky, Producer

℗ 1986 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

Piano Sonata No. 6 In F, Op. 10 No. 2 (Ludwig van Beethoven)

48 1. Allegro

00:08:55

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Jobst Eberhardt, Editor, StudioPersonnel - Klaus Scheibe, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Volker Martin, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Guenther Breest, Producer, Recording Producer

℗ 1974 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

49 2. Allegretto

00:05:25

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Jobst Eberhardt, Editor, StudioPersonnel - Klaus Scheibe, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Volker Martin, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Guenther Breest, Producer, Recording Producer

℗ 1974 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

50 3. Presto

00:03:52

Ludwig van Beethoven, Composer - Emil Gilels, Piano, MainArtist, AssociatedPerformer - Jobst Eberhardt, Editor, StudioPersonnel - Klaus Scheibe, Balance Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Volker Martin, Recording Engineer, StudioPersonnel - Guenther Breest, Producer, Recording Producer

℗ 1974 Deutsche Grammophon GmbH, Berlin

About the album

• 1 disc(s) - 138 track(s)
• Total length: 12:01:23

• Main artists: Emil Gilels
• Composer: Various Composers
• Label: UME - Global Clearing House
• Genre: Classical
Available in
16-Bit/44.1 kHz Stereo

© 2021 UMG Recordings, Inc. ℗ 2021 UMG Recordings, Inc. FP