
It isn't accurate to call Glen Campbell "pure country," but his
smooth fusion of country mannerisms and pop melodies and production
techniques made him one of the most popular country musicians of
the late '60s and '70s. Campbell was one of the leading figures of
country-pop during that era, racking up a steady stream of Top Ten
singles, highlighted by classics like "By the Time I Get to
Phoenix," "I Wanna Live," "Wichita Lineman," "Galveston,"
"Rhinestone Cowboy," and "Southern Nights." Boasting Campbell's
smooth vocals and layered arrangements, where steel guitars bounced
off sweeping strings, those songs not only became country hits,
they crossed over to the pop charts as well, which was appropriate,
since that is where he began his musical career. Originally, he was
a Los Angeles session musician, playing on hits by the Monkees,
Elvis Presley, Frank Sinatra, and Merle Haggard. By the end of the
'60s, he had become a successful solo artist, and that success
would not abate until the late '80s, when he stopped having radio
hits and began concentrating on live performances at his theater in
Branson. Campbell was born and raised in Delight, Arkansas, where
he received his first guitar when he was four years old. Learning
the instrument from various relatives, he played consistently
throughout his childhood, eventually gravitating toward jazz
players like Barney Kessel and Django Reinhardt. While he was
learning guitar, he also sang in a local church, where he developed
his vocal skills. By the time he was 14, he had begun performing
with a number of country bands in the Arkansas, Texas, and New
Mexico area, including his uncle's group, the Dick Bills Band. When
he was 18, he formed his own country band, the Western Wranglers,
and began touring the South with the group. Four years later,
Campbell moved to Los Angeles, California, where he became a
session musician. Shortly after arriving in California, Campbell
earned the reputation of being an excellent guitarist, playing on
records by Bobby Darin and Rick Nelson. In 1960, he briefly joined
the instrumental rock & roll group the Champs, who had the hit
single "Tequila" two years earlier. The following year, he released
his debut single, "Turn Around, Look at Me," on the small Crest
label; the single reached number 62 later in the year. By the
summer of 1962, he had released "Too Late to Worry, Too Blue to
Cry" on Capitol Records; the single only spent two weeks on the
charts, peaking at 76. While he was tentatively pursuing a solo
career, Campbell continued to play professionally, most notably for
Elvis Presley and Dean Martin. Also in 1962, he played guitar and
sang on "Kentucky Means Paradise," a single by the one-off group
the Green River Boys, who released an album, Big Bluegrass Special.
"Kentucky Means Paradise" became a hit on the country charts,
climbing to number 20. Instead of pursuing a full-fledged country
career after the single's release, Campbell returned to studio
work, and over the next two years he played on sessions by Frank
Sinatra ("Strangers in the Night"), Merle Haggard ("The Legend of
Bonnie and Clyde"), the Monkees ("I'm a Believer"), the
Association, and the Mamas & the Papas, among many others.
Following Brian Wilson's breakdown and retirement from the road in
1965, Campbell became a touring member of the Beach Boys for
several months. At the end of his tenure as the group's temporary
bassist, the Beach Boys offered him a permanent spot in the band,
but he turned them down when they wouldn't allow him to have an
equal cut of the group's royalties. A few months after rejecting
their offer, the Beach Boys' record label, Capitol, offered
Campbell a full-fledged contract. His first release under his new
long-term Capitol contract was a version of Buffy Sainte-Marie's
"The Universal Soldier," which peaked at number 45. For much of
1966, he continued to pursue studio work, but he released "Burning
Bridges" toward the end of the year, and it climbed to number 18 on
the country charts early in 1967. During 1967, Capitol pushed
Campbell as a country recording artist, and their breakthrough
arrived in the late summer when his folky country-pop rendition of
John Hartford's "Gentle on My Mind" became a Top 40 hit on both the
country and pop charts. By the end of the year, he had released a
cover of Jimmy Webb's "By the Time I Get to Phoenix," which reached
number two on the country charts, and number 26 on the pop charts.
Early in 1968, "Gentle on My Mind" won the Grammy Award for Best
Country & Western Recording of 1967. Campbell's success
continued in 1968, as "I Wanna Live" became his first number one
hit and "Dreams of the Everyday Housewife" reached number three.
The following year, CBS television hired him to host the variety
show The Glen Campbell Good Time Hour, which became quite popular
and helped establish him as not only a country star, but a pop
music superstar. Throughout the late '60s and early '70s, Campbell
continued to rack up hit singles, including the number one hits
"Wichita Lineman" (1968) and "Galveston" (1969), plus the Top Ten
singles "Try a Little Kindness" (1969), "Honey Come Back" (1970),
"Everything a Man Could Ever Need" (1970), and "It's Only Make
Believe" (1970). In 1968, he began recording duets with Bobbie
Gentry, and they had hit singles with their versions of two Everly
Brothers songs: "Let It Be Me," which reached 14 in 1969, and "All
I Have to Do Is Dream," which peaked at number six in 1970. Also in
1969, he began a film career, appearing in the John Wayne movie
True Grit that year and Norwood the following year. By 1972,
Campbell's record sales started slipping. After "Manhattan Kansas"
reached number six that year, he had trouble having Top 40 hits for
the next two years. Furthermore, his television show was canceled.
As his career slowed, he began sinking into drug and alcohol
addiction, which continued even through his mid-'70s revival. In
1975, he returned to the Top Ten with "Rhinestone Cowboy," a huge
hit that reached number one on both the country and pop charts.
Over the next two years, he had a number of Top Ten country hits,
including "Country Boy (You Got Your Feet in L.A.)" and "Don't Pull
Your Love"/"Then You Can Tell Me Goodbye," which also reached the
pop charts. In 1977, he had his final number one hit with "Southern
Nights," which topped both the country and pop charts. Following
the success of "Southern Nights" and its follow-up, "Sunflower,"
Campbell stopped reaching the country Top Ten with regularity, yet
he had a string of lesser hits and was an immensely popular
performer in concert and television. During the mid-'80s, he
experienced a brief commercial revival, as the singles "Faithless
Love," "A Lady Like You," and "The Hand That Rocks the Cradle" all
reached the country Top Ten. By that time, he had begun to clean up
his act. Over the course of the mid-'80s, he kicked his addictions
to drugs and alcohol and became a born-again Christian.
Appropriately, he began recording inspirational albums, yet he
didn't abandon country music. As late as 1989, Campbell's smooth,
synth-laden contemporary country-pop was reaching the country Top
Ten; his last two Top Ten country hits were "I Have You" (1988) and
"She's Gone, Gone, Gone" (1989). Campbell began recording less
frequently in the early '90s, especially since he could no longer
reach the charts and the radio, since they were dominated by new
country artists. Over the course of the decade, he gradually moved
into semi-retirement, concentrating on golf and performing at his
Goodtime Theater in Branson, Missouri. In 1994, he published his
autobiography, Rhinestone Cowboy. Campbell released a comeback
album of sorts, the ironically titled Meet Glen Campbell, produced
by Julian Raymond and Howard Willing, on Capitol Records in 2008.
In June of 2011, Campbell, by now 75 years old, announced that he
had been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. In spite of the
ailment, he finished an album, Ghost on the Canvas, which was
released in August that same year, and began a tour that was to be
his farewell to the music business. A collection of outtakes from
his last recording sessions, 2013's See You There, featured
Campbell performing new, more intimate versions of some of his
best-known songs. A film crew, led by filmmaker James Keach,
followed Campbell on his final concert tour, and the resulting
documentary about Campbell's life and music, Glen Campbell: I'll Be
Me, began playing film festivals in the fall of 2014. The film's
soundtrack album was released February 2015, and included the
poignant single "I'm Not Gonna Miss You." While the single was
billed as Campbell's musical farewell, his longtime friend and
accompanist Carl Jackson guided Glen though the sessions for a
final album, Adiós, which included four songs from Jimmy Webb.
Adiós was released on June 9, 2017, and Campbell died two months
later, on August 8, at the age of 81. ~ Stephen Thomas Erlewine