Maurice Ravel
Maurice Ravel was among the most significant and influential composers of the early 20th century. Although he is frequently linked with Claude Debussy as an exemplar of musical impressionism, and some of their works have a surface resemblance, Ravel possessed an independent voice that grew out of his love of a broad variety of styles, including the French Baroque, Bach, Mozart, Chopin, Spanish folk traditions, and American jazz and blues. His elegant and lyrically generous body of work was not large in comparison with that of some of his contemporaries, but his compositions are notable for being meticulously and exquisitely crafted. He was especially gifted as an orchestrator, an area in which he remains unsurpassed.
Ravel's mother was of Basque heritage, a fact that accounted for his lifelong fascination with Spanish music, and his father was a Swiss inventor and engineer, most likely the source of his commitment to precision and craftsmanship. At the age of 14, he entered the Paris Conservatory, where he was a student from 1889 to 1895 and from 1897 to 1903. His primary composition teacher was Gabriel Fauré. A major disappointment of his life was his failure to win the Prix de Rome in spite of numerous attempts. The difficulty was transparently the conflict between the conservative administration of the Conservatory and Ravel's independent thinking, meaning his association with the French avant-garde (Debussy), and his interest in non-French traditions (Wagner, the Russian nationalists, Balinese gamelan). He had already established himself as a composer of prominence with works such as his String Quartet, and the piano pieces Pavane pour une infante défunte, Jeux d'eau, and the Sonatine, and his loss of the Prix de Rome in 1905 was considered such a scandal that the director of the Conservatory was forced to resign.
Ravel continued to express admiration for Debussy's music throughout his life, but as his own reputation grew stronger during the first decade of the century, a mutual professional jealousy cooled their personal relationship. Around the same time, he developed a friendship with Igor Stravinsky. The two became familiar with each other's work during Stravinsky's time in Paris and worked collaboratively on arrangements for Sergey Diaghilev.
Between 1909 and 1912, Ravel composed Daphnis et Chloé for Diaghilev and Les Ballets Russes. It was the composer's largest and most ambitious work and is widely considered his masterpiece. He wrote a second ballet for Diaghilev, La Valse, which the impresario rejected, but which went on to become one of his most popular orchestral works. Following his service in the First World War as an ambulance driver and the death of his mother in 1917, his output was temporarily diminished. In 1925, the Monte Carlo Opera presented the premiere of another large work, the "lyric fantasy" L'enfant et les sortilèges, a collaboration with writer Colette.
American jazz and blues became increasingly intriguing to the composer. In 1928 he made a hugely successful tour of North America, where he met George Gershwin and had the opportunity to broaden his exposure to jazz. Several of his most important late works, such as the Sonata for Violin and Piano No. 2 and the Piano Concerto in G show the influence of that interest.
Ironically, Ravel, who in his youth was rejected by some elements of the French musical establishment for being a modernist, in his later years was scorned by Satie and the members of Les Six as being old-fashioned, a symbol of the establishment. In 1932, an injury he sustained in an automobile accident started a physical decline that resulted in memory loss and an inability to communicate. He died in 1937, following brain surgery.
In spite of leaving one of the richest and most important bodies of work of any early 20th century composer, one that included virtually every genre except for symphony and liturgical music, Ravel is most often remembered for an arrangement of another composer's work, and for a piece he considered among his least significant. His orchestral arrangement of Mussorgsky's piano suite Pictures at an Exhibition has been wildly popular with concertgoers (and the royalties from it made Ravel a rich man). Boléro, a 15-minute Spanish dance in which a single theme is repeated in a variety of instrumental guises, has been ridiculed for its insistent repetitiveness, but it is also a popular favorite and one of the most familiar and frequently performed orchestral works of the 20th century.
© Stephen Eddins /TiVo
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Ravel: Bolero, Ma mere l'Oye - Honegger: Concerto da Camera - Debussy: La Mer
Clásica - Editado por Clarton, Edit, Music Vars Corporation, s. r. o. el 4 may. 2002
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Ravel: Jeux d'eau in E major, M 30
Clásica - Editado por Pastel Records Canada el 1 ene. 2024
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#Ballet
Clásica - Editado por Paradise Classical el 16 ago. 2017
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Les Grands Peintres et la Musique (Famous Painters' Music Collection): Gauguin, Vol. 7/16 (Various Artists)
Clásica - Editado por ISIS el 1 mar. 2013
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PAVANE POUR UNE INFANTE DÉFUNTE (REVISITED)
Maurice Ravel, Francois Myrand
Ambientes - Editado por François Myrand el 19 abr. 2024
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Ma mère l'Oye (Mother Goose suite), M. 60: 1. Pavane de la Belle au bois dormant. Lent
Clásica - Editado por Stereo Arts Classics el 12 abr. 2024
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Capriccio. Piano Works by Bach & Ravel
Irene Cantos, Johann Sebastian Bach, Maurice Ravel, Henry Purcell, Claude Debussy, Erik Satie
Clásica - Editado por Novus Promusica el 12 mar. 2024
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NKB SP Selection No. 1, Self-composed Performance
Maurice Ravel, Igor Stravinsky, Fritz Kreisler, Ignacy Jan Paderewski, Pablo de Sarasate
Clásica - Editado por NKB Record el 25 ago. 2023
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Caprice
Izumiko Aoyagi, Natsuki Nishimoto
Clásica - Editado por ALM Records el 7 oct. 2023
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Work & Relax with Ravel
Clásica - Editado por UME - Global Clearing House el 23 ene. 2021
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Ravel - Debussy - Dukas - Chabrier
Clásica - Editado por Tuxedo Music el 27 mar. 2013
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Clásicos del Milenio, Bolero, Concierto Para Piano y Orquesta
Radio Symphony Orchestra de Ljubljana, Royal Philarmonic Orchestra London
Clásica - Editado por Piros - Send el 22 mar. 2014
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Los Grandes de la Musica Clasica - Maurice Ravel Vol. 2
Clásica - Editado por ClassicalPirosDigital el 8 jun. 2015
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The Masters of the Roll - Maurice Ravel
Clásica - Editado por James Stewart Music el 30 jul. 2015
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Maurice Ravel: Full Frequency Range
Clásica - Editado por Dutton Epoch el 12 ago. 2019
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Pavane for a Dead Princess
Clásica - Editado por Audiofonic Records el 13 oct. 2019
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Maurice Ravel, Los Grandes de la Música Clásica
Orquesta Lírica de Barcelona, María Ángeles Damunt
Clásica - Editado por Piros Comercial Digital el 25 sep. 2014
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Electronic Ravel: Miroirs
Alternativa & Indie - Editado por Al Goranski el 31 oct. 2022
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Los Grandes de la Musica Clasica - Maurice Ravel Vol. 1
Radio Symphony Orchestra Ljubljana, Philharmonia Slovanica, Orf-Symphonieorchester
Clásica - Editado por ClassicalPirosDigital el 8 jun. 2015
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Bolero
Marc Reift Philharmonic Wind Orchestra
Clásica - Editado por Marcophon el 12 feb. 2015
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